天然气产业中下游领域的自然垄断性

天然气输配技术所形成的技术性壁垒、特许经营权构成的法律壁垒和天然气输配管道的单一性3个因素共同决定了天然气产业中下游领域的自然垄断性。这一自然垄断是在目前的输配技术条件下的自然垄断。这种自然垄断性虽能带来规模经济，但也存在一定的弊端：不利于企业的长远发展，终端用户价格较高，行业的发展受到限制。因此必须要有政府的管制。文章简要介绍了国内外该行业政府管制的情况，政府通常在市场准入、价格和服务质量等方面进行管制。我国对天然气行业的管制还比较滞后。最后概述了天然气行业的发展趋势。

INHERENT MONOPOLY PROPERTY OF GAS INDUSTRY 1)

The 3 factors including the technical barrier formed by the gas transmission techniques, the lawful barrier caused by the licensed operation right, and the singleness of the gas pipelines decide the inherent monopoly property of gas industry. The inherent monopoly is a natural monopoly under the current conditions of gas transmission techniques. The inherent monopoly property can produce a scale economy but it has some disadvantages, which is not favor for the long-term development of enterprises, makes the users paying more and the industrial development being limited. The negative effects of the inherent monopoly are described briefly on the 3 aspects from enterprises, users and industry. So, the government regulation is necessary for the industry. The situations of the government regulation at home and abroad are introduced. The government commonly regulates the market enter, the price and the service quality etc. It is relatively backward for Chinese government to regulate the gas industry. At last, the developing trend of gas industry is forecasted.