Dielectric lens shaping and coma-correction zoning, part I: Analysis

Shaping techniques are applied to the design of dielectric lens antennas. By shaping the lens to serve as an optical transformer for aperture distribution control, many special antenna patterns can be achieved. For multiple beam applications, the cubic phase error for off-axis beams can be significantly reduced by a unique method of coma-correction zoning. Such shaped lenses are excellent candidates for low-cost, lightweight and high-performance antennas for extremely high frequency (EHF) systems. In this communication, the design principles and numerical techniques are given. Examples with parametric trade-offs are also discussed.