特长铁路隧道横通道间距设置问题研究

铁路隧道的横通道作为灾害发生后的安全疏散通道,其间距的设置在人员安全疏散中是至关重要的。本文以特长铁路隧道为研究对象,从人员安全疏散的角度出发,运用疏散模拟软件STEPS建立人员安全疏散计算数学模型,模拟计算了两种火灾场景在不同横通道间距情况下人员疏散所必需时间,通过与人员安全疏散可利用时间比较,判断人员疏散的安全性,给出了一般特长铁路隧道横通道间距设置方案,为特长铁路隧道安全疏散设施的优化设计提供理论依据。

Research on the Problem of Cross-passage Setting in Super-long Railway Tunnels

As safe evacuation routes after disaster occurrence, the setting of cross-passage spacing is essential in railway tunnels. In this paper, by taking the super-long railway tunnel for the study object, from the viewpoint of personnel safety evacuation, the model of personnel evacuation was established for the numerical simulation with using the evacuation simulation program STEPS. Required evacuation time under two different fire scenarios in the case of different cross-passage spacing was calculated, compared with the available safe evacuation time to determine the safety of evacuation. The general setting scheme of the cross-passage in super-long railway tunnels has been given and it provided a theoretical basis for optimal design of the safe evacuation of the super-long railway tunnel.