基于泥沙数学模型的海湾填海岸线选择

泥沙运动特征的变化及其对港口航道的影响是大型海岸工程实施时需要考虑的主要问题。由于海岸生态系统往往对泥沙冲淤的变化非常敏感 ,生态评估也逐渐成为工程规划及方案可行性论证研究的重要内容。本文利用泥沙数学模型 ,以深圳湾为例研究了五种填海方案造成的海湾来沙量、含沙量和泥沙冲淤分布的变化 ,讨论了泥沙淤积速率的变化对港口航道和红树林生态系统的影响 ,并通过岸线方案的对比指出了在分别考虑各种泥沙评价指标时对应的五种填海方案的优劣。定量分析表明 ,不同评价指标对应的方案优劣次序有所差异 ,协调多种指标要求的综合优化岸线可以通过比较各种方案后给出。

Determination of Post reclamation Coastline Based on Sediment Transport Model

Attention should be paid on variations of sediment transport characteristics and their impacts on ports and navigation channels before reclaiming a bay. In general, a bay system would be sensitive to the change of sediment erosion or deposition, and thus the ecological assessment in terms of sediment models could be important for the feasibility study of the proposed options. By taking the reclamation of Shenzhen Bay as an example, this paper used a 2 D sediment transport model to predict the variations of net sediment inflow, sediment concentration, sediment erosion or deposition for five designated reclamation options. Studies were made for potential impacts on ports, navigation channels and ecosystems of mangrove according to modeling results. Then, the priority order of the five options for all the concerned issues was discussed. It was concluded that although the priority order for each of the issues is different, a harmonized optimal post reclamation coastline could be obtained from viewpoint of integrated impact of the reclamation options to all the concerned issues.