地雷场近地面环境下的脉冲超宽带信道测量与分析

为了研究脉冲超宽带(IR-UWB)信号在地雷场近地面环境中的传播特性，为该技术在未来地雷武器中的应用提供技术支持，在3种典型近地面传播环境下进行了实验测试。通过实测数据的处理，对接收信号特征进行研究，提出了基于能量比检测和多径分量判据相结合的分析方法，得出信道冲激响应并对信道主要参数进行统计计算及分析。计算结果表明，由于地面和周围地表障碍物对信号的反射作用，天线高度为0.3 m和0. 5 m情况下，传播路径损耗系数均小于自由空间，其数值范围为1.50~1.85；通过利用基于自适应截止门限设置的CLEAN算法得到的信道冲激响应，恢复的接收信号与原始信号的能量误差均小于30%，因此统计计算得出的信道参数符合实际传播环境特点，验证了数据处理方法的可行性和信道分析结果的正确性。研究成果能为脉冲超宽带近地面传播信道建模和实际应用提供参考。

Measurement and Analysis of IR-UWB Channel in Minefield Near-ground Environment

In order to research the propagation properties of impulse radio ultra wideband（IR-UWB）signals in the minefield near-ground environment and provide a technology support for the future development of landmines, the IR-UWB signals were test experimentally in three typical propagation environments. The features of received signals are researched based on the measured data. An analytic method with energy ratio detection and multipath component criterion is proposed. The channel impulse responses (CIRs) and main parameters are statistically calculated and analyzed. The calculated result shows that the path loss coefficient in near-ground environment is smaller than that in free space since the signal reflects from the ground and surrounding obstacles. With the calculation, the path loss coefficients range from 1.50 to 1.85 for the antenna heights of 0.3 m and 0.5 m. According to the CLEAN algorithm with self-adaptive threshold, the error ratios of the original signals and recovered signals from CIRs are not more than 30%. The result shows that the calculated channel parameters correspond with the characteristics of the propagation environment. The feasibility of the proposed method and the accuracy of the channel analysis results were verified.