封闭空间内水层对爆炸载荷特性影响的实验研究

采用球对称爆炸装置，在球形容器中开展了炸药与水之间有空气间隙（层）的置水爆炸实验，根据实测的激波走时、压力和冲量等数据，对容器内置水爆炸载荷形成机制进行了分析，并探讨了爆炸过程中空气间隙与爆轰产物和水之间的作用机理。结果表明：置水爆炸时容器内壁受到的载荷主要包括幅值较低的前导空气冲击波和雾状水滴的持续撞击作用，有空气间隙的置水爆炸可以降低反射压力、准静态压力和冲量，空气间隙有利于水对爆炸载荷的消减效果。

Experimental Study of Air-gap Effect on Water Mitigation of Confined Explosion

To investigate the mechanism of water mitigation on air shock wave due to detonation of explosive surrounded by water, several experiments with an air-gap between explosive and water are carried out in a spherical vessel using the spherical charge and water configurations ignited at the center point of the sphere. The water mitigation concept of confined explosion is studied according to the experimental data, such as travel time of shock wave, pressure, impulse and so on. The mechanism of interaction among air-gap, detonation products and water during explosion is also discussed. The results indicate that the lower air shock wave than explosion without water followed with the continual impact of water spray forms the explosion loading from detonating the charge surrounded by water. It is useful of air-gap between charge and water layer to attenuate the reflected overpressure, quasi-state pressure and impulse, which means the air-gap can be applied to enhance the mitigation effect of water on explosion loading.