全尾砂沉降浓缩试验研究

尾砂高效沉降浓缩是全尾砂高浓度充填的核心，随着选矿工艺的改进，尾砂的粒径越来越细小，导致尾砂沉降浓缩愈发困难，而在尾砂浆中加入絮凝剂能够极大地提高尾砂沉降浓缩的效率。针对国内某矿山尾砂颗粒细小、沉降浓缩困难的问题，通过开展沉降浓缩试验，以固体通量和底流浓度作为评价指标，得到沉降浓缩效率最佳的絮凝剂型号、给料浓度和絮凝剂添加量，并研究了给料浓度和絮凝剂添加量对尾砂沉降效率的影响规律。结果表明：最佳絮凝剂型号为HJ70010，最佳给料浓度范围为10%~12%，最佳絮凝剂添加量范围为10~15 g/t；当给料浓度为12%、絮凝剂添加量为15 g/t时，底流浓度达到64.4%，沉降速度为26.2 m/h，固体通量为3.43 t/（h?m²）；随着给料浓度的增加，固体通量呈现先增大后减小的抛物线状变化规律，底流浓度先增大后逐渐趋于稳定；随着絮凝剂添加量的增加，固体通量先增大后趋于稳定，底流浓度呈现先增大后减小的抛物线状变化规律。

Experimental Study on Sedimentation and Concentration of Unclassified Tailings

Back filling method using unclassified tailings is an effective way to realize green mining of metal mines.Sedimentation and concentration of unclassified tailings is the key technology in the full tailings filling.With the improvement of mineral processing technology，the particle size of tailings gets smaller and smaller，which makes the sedimentation and concentration of tailings more difficult.Adding the flocculant to tailings slurry can greatly improve the sedimentation and concentration of tailings.The type of flocculant, the feeding concentration of tailings slurry and the dosage of flocculant added to tailings slurry are important factors that affect the flocculation and sedimentation efficiency of unclassified tailings，which are usually got from the sedimentation concentration test.Aiming at the problem of fine tailings being hard to concentrate in a domestic mine and using solid flux and bottom flow concentration as evaluation indicators，the sedimentation concentration test was carried out.Using the single factor analysis method，four experiments of the flocculant optimization，the optimal feeding concentration selection，the optimal flocculant unit consumption selection and the standard flocculation sedimentation were carried out in turn to get the parameters of flocculant type，feeding concentration and flocculant unit consumption with the best sedimentation and concentration effect.And the influence rules of feeding concentration and flocculant unit consumption on sedimentation and concentration of tailings was studied.The experiment process is simple and easy to operate，and the result is highly reliable.In the flocculant optimization experiment，four different types of anionic flocculant were chosen and they were domestic HJ63016、HJ70010、AL504 and French SNF6013S.In the optimal feeding concentration selection experiment，the concentration of tailings slurry is 6\mathrm{\%}，8\mathrm{\%}，10\mathrm{\%}，12\mathrm{\%}，14\mathrm{\%}，20\mathrm{\%}，25\mathrm{\%} and 30\mathrm{\%} respectively.In optimal flocculant unit consumption selection experiment，the flocculant unit consumption is 5，10，15，20，25,30 g/t.The results show that the optimum flocculant type is HJ70010，the optimum tailings slurry feeding concentration range is 10\mathrm{\%} ~ 12\mathrm{\%}，and the optimum flocculant dosage range is 10 ~ 15 g/t.When the tailings slurry feeding concentration is 12\mathrm{\%}，and the flocculant dosage is 15 g/t，the bottom flow concentration reached 64.4\mathrm{\%}，the sedimentation rate is 43.7 cm/min，and the solid flux is 3.43 t/（h?m²）.With the increasing of feeding concentration，the solid flux increased first and then decreased with a parabolic change，and the bottom flow concentration increased first and then gradually stabilized.With the increasing of flocculant unit consumption，the solid flux increased first and then gradually stabilized，and the bottom flow concentration increased first and then decreased with a parabolic change.