金锑矿还原固硫焙烧—选冶联合提取研究

针对含金锑矿回收利用难，提出了一种还原固硫焙烧—选冶联合提取工艺，分别以ZnO和碳粉为固硫剂和还原剂进行硫化锑还原固硫焙烧，直接产出富集了金的金属锑，同时产出硫化锌，再选别分离得到粗锑粉和硫化锌精矿。主要研究了焙烧过程固硫机理，证明整个还原固硫焙烧分2步进行：在800 ℃之前，主要发生Sb₂S₃与ZnO的交互反应，生成Sb₂O₃；当温度高于800 ℃时，Sb₂O₃才会被大量还原成金属锑。固硫反应和还原反应均较为充分，在1 000 ℃条件下固硫率和金属锑生成率分别为98.96%和92.99%，且金属锑和硫化锌颗粒无包裹。金锑矿焙烧后通过重选—浮选获得了90.57%的锑直收率，其中锑品位为92.06%，金含量达134×10^-6，金回收率为87.82%，同时硫化锌精矿品位和固硫率分别达79.10%和94.35%，验证了工艺的可行性，新工艺具有低温、低碳及清洁环保的优点。

Reduction and Sulfur-fixing Roasting and Combination of Beneficiation and Metallurgy for Extraction of Gold-stibnite Concentrate

Antimony-bearing gold ore is a kind of refractory gold deposit.Because gold is generally shown in microscopic particles wrapped in antimony，iron and arsenic sulfide，the general gold leaching method is not very effective in dealing with this mine.In views of the extraction difficulty of antimony-bearing gold ore，a new process based on the reduction and sulfur-fixing roasting and combination of beneficiation and metallurgy was proposed.Using ZnO and carbon as sulfur fixing agent and reductant，antimony sulfide is transformed to metal Sb and ZnS，and the gold is gathered in the former.Then the mixture is separated by mineral separation method.Gold enter the crude antimony powder following antimony.Crude antimony powder has been refined to obtain fine antimony powder，while zinc sulfide concentrate can be directly used in the smelting of zinc to produce metal zinc.The mechanism of the roasting process were investigated in detail，and the results show that overall reaction contained two steps.When the temperature is below 800 ℃，the main reaction are performed between Sb₂S₃ and ZnO to yield Sb₂O₃.Less antimony oxide is reduced and no more metal antimony is obtained.When the temperature is higher than 800 ℃，a large amount of the Sb₂O₃ is reduced to metallic antimony.The particle of antimony and zinc sulfide distributed respective without parcel.Both sulfur-fixing and reducing reactions are engaged completely，and with the increase of temperature，the sulfur-fixing rate and the production rate of metal antimony increased.The sulfur-fixing rate of ZnO and generation rate of antimony reached 98.96% and 92.99% respectively at 1 000 ℃.In a gravity separation and flotation test of the roasting product of Sb-bearing gold concentrate，Sb could be extracted with a direct recovery rate of 90.57%，while the grade of cured antimony and content of gold were 92.06% and 134×10^-6，meanwhile，the sulfur-fixing rate reached 94.35%.So the new process is feasibility with the advantages of low temperature and low carbon，cleaning and environmental process.