面向降噪的蜗杆砂轮磨削齿面纹理改善方法

蜗杆砂轮磨是广泛应用于中小模数齿轮的批量精加工方法，但在实际加工过程中，蜗杆砂轮磨齿易在齿向形成规则的平行齿面纹理，从而增大了齿轮的啮合噪声。分析磨削过程中蜗杆砂轮与齿轮的接触特性，建立了啮合方程和接触点方程，阐述了接触迹构成整个齿面的机理；分析蜗杆砂轮磨齿的磨削特性，建立瞬时接触点的磨削速度和形状模型，计算磨粒在齿面上的磨削路径，分析磨削特性对齿面微观几何结构的影响，得到齿面的整体纹理模型；结合齿面纹理与噪声激励的关系，分析出齿面规则纹理对齿轮噪声的影响机理，提出按照正弦函数变化的冲程变速蜗杆砂轮磨齿加工方法；进行了蜗杆砂轮磨削常规加工与变冲程速度加工的对比试验，结果表明，该方法加工的齿面接触点位置具有一定的随机性，形成不规则的齿面纹理，不同转速下齿轮啮合噪声声压级总值减小约3.5 dB，已经达到改善齿面纹理的效果。

Continuous Generating Grinding Tooth Surface Texture Improvement Method for Noise Reduction

Continuous generating grinding is a hardened gear finishing method, which is widely used in batch processing of small module gear. However, continuous generating grinding will actually form a regular parallel tooth surface texture along the tooth orientation, thereby increasing the gear meshing noise. The meshing and contact point equation are established and the formation process of contact trace is described based on the analysis of the contact properties. The formation mechanism of the whole tooth surface through contact line is discussed. The model of grinding speed and shape of the instantaneous contact point is established, and the grinding path on the tooth surface is calculated based on the analysis of grinding properties. The influence of grinding characteristics on the micro geometry structure of tooth surface is analysed, and then the model of overall surface texture is obtained. And then combined with the relationship between tooth surface texture and noise, the regular texture of tooth surface affects gear meshing of noise. Therefore, the processing method of the variable feed rate is put forward, which changes according to the sine function. Finally, the contrast and variable feed rate machining of continuous generating grinding is carried out. Experimental results show that the position of tooth surface contact point is certain random and the surface forms irregular texture. The value of sound pressure level with different speed decreases by about 3.5 dB, which has reached the effect of tooth surface texture improvement.