Carrier-Free Enzyme Immobilizates for Flow Chemistry

For the development of efficient and green industrial processes, the combination of biocatalysis and flow chemistry holds great promises. Flow chemical utilization of biocatalysts, essentially made possible by the immobilization (or retention) of enzymes in flow reactors, has attracted increased academic attention during recent years. In the present review we present an overview of immobilization strategies suitable for flow chemistry, particularly focusing on recently developed carrier-free immobilization methods, highlighting advances in the field and presenting future trends.