Microgrid control based on a grid-forming inverter operating as virtual synchronous generator with enhanced dynamic response capability |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Kawasaki Technology Co., Ltd., Electromechanical System Department, 1-1, Kawasakicho, Akashi, Hyogo 673-8666, Japan;2. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd., Electromechanical System Department, 1-1, Kawasakicho, Akashi, Hyogo 673-8666 Japan;3. University of Kurdistan, Smart/Micro Grids Research Center, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran;4. Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan;1. School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;3. Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia;4. Advance Manufacturing Institute, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia;1. Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, 29075-910 Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil;2. Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;3. Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Espirito Santo, Av. Filogônio Peixoto, 2220, 29901-291 Linhares, Espirito Santo, Brazil;4. Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Minas Gerais, Rua Itaguaçu, 595, 32073-670 Betim, MG, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | This paper focuses on improving the dynamic response of autonomous microgrids (MGs) by proposing a grid-forming inverter controlled as a virtual synchronous generator (VSG), in combination with a supercapacitor (SC)-based energy storage system (ESS). By this arrangement, the MG-forming VSG is designed to react only in transitory regimes, the steady-state load being distributed to other MG-supporting inverters spread within the MG. In this way, the MG-forming VSG can maintain its full power reserve capacity for dynamic response. The paper details the control solution for the MG-forming inverter, including the VSG and SC-ESS control. The control method for the MG-supporting inverters that allow achieving the proposed control approach is also described. To prove the concept, the paper includes simulation results and experiments accomplished on a complex laboratory MG system based on three parallel inverters, one being controlled as MG-forming VSG, while the others operating as MG-supporting inverters. |
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| Keywords: | Microgrid Frequency control Virtual synchronous generator Grid-forming inverter Grid-supporting inverter Supercapacitor energy storage system |
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