基于计算机视觉的夜间户外环境情绪 感知特征研究

现代生活方式的转变使居民夜间户外活动不断丰富，建设高质量城市夜间户外环境已成为居民生活的重要需求。户外环境已被证实与人的情绪感知存在关联，但已有研究主要关注日间环境而较少聚焦夜间环境。基于计算机视觉技术，通过采集夜间户外环境的图像数据，结合公众的情绪感知评价，并利用空间自相关与空间回归分析方法探究情绪感知在夜间户外环境的空间分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明：1）夜间低维护的蓝绿空间能使人具有更强烈的恐惧感但焦虑感较弱，而高品质的绿色空间使人产生的恐惧感和焦虑感均较弱；高密度建筑区的户外环境往往令人感到不舒畅，低密度建筑区的户外环境则能使人感到较不恐惧、舒畅和放松；2）夜间户外环境要素如绿视率、天空可视率、拥挤度、围合度及视觉可步行性在不同类型户外环境中与情绪感知的相关性存在差异。本研究为如何快速、精准地测度夜间户外环境对情绪感知的影响提供了参考，有助于建设城市夜间户外环境，以提升居民生活质量和健康福祉。

Measuring the Effect of Nightscapes on Emotion Perceptions Based on Computer Vision

The modern lifestyle changes have enriched residents'' outdoor activities at night, resulting in the construction of high-quality nightscapes becoming an important demand of residents'' life. Previous studies have proved that urban environments are related to residents'' emotional perceptions, but existing researches mainly focused on the daytime environment and less on the nighttime environment. Based on computer vision technology, this study collected nightscape images and residents'' emotional perceptions to explore the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of emotional perception in nightscapes by using spatial statistics methods. The results show that: 1) Low-maintenance green and blue spaces can make people feel more fearful but less anxious, while high-quality green spaces can make people feel less fearful or anxious; the outdoor environment of highdensity building areas at night often makes people feel uncomfortable, while the low-density building areas can make people feel less fearful, comfortable and relaxed; 2) At night, outdoor environmental elements such as green vision rate, sky visibility, crowding, enclosure and visual walkability have different effects on emotional perceptions in different types of outdoor environment. This study provides a reference for how to quickly and accurately measure the impact of nighttime outdoor environment on emotional perception, and helps to build urban nighttime outdoor environment to improve residents'' quality of life and health and well-being.