有色金属矿山重金属污染土壤修复技术研究进展

我国有色金属种类与产量众多，有色金属矿区的土壤普遍存在重金属污染状况。介绍了有色金属矿区重金属污染的来源，重点对矿区重金属污染土壤的不同修复技术进行了阐述，客土法、换土法、玻璃固定化、热脱附技术适合小范围内的土壤修复。土壤淋洗、化学稳定化修复效率较快，但因为要外加药剂，处理不当很容易造成二次污染。相比于物理化学修复，生物修复更加具有经济性环保性，适合用于工程上大规模的修复，有利于矿区生态长久地发展。同时对矿区重金属污染土壤治理的发展方向进行了展望，以期为有色金属矿区土壤生态环境保护提供参考。

Research Progress of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation Technology in Nonferrous Metal Mines

There are many types and production of non-ferrous metals in China and heavy metal pollutions exist in the soil of non-ferrous metal mining areas. The sources of heavy metal pollution in non-ferrous metal mining areas were introduced. The different remediation technologies of heavy metal contaminated soil in mining areas were expounded. The guest soil method, soil exchange method, glass immobilization, and thermal desorption technology are suitable for soil remediation in a small range. Soil leaching and chemical stabilization remediation are more efficient, but because of the need for admixture, improper treatment can easily cause secondary pollution. Compared with physical and chemical restoration, biological restoration is more economical and environmentally friendly, suitable for large-scale restoration in engineering, which is conducive to the long-term development of the ecology of the mining area. At the same time, the development direction of heavy metal pollution soil treatment in mining areas was prospected, so as to provide a reference for the protection of soil ecological environment in non-ferrous metal mining areas.