泡沫铝填充管的研究进展

泡沫铝填充管是在一个或多个不同横截面形状的薄壁金属管内填充泡沫铝而形成的一种结构功能一体化材料。泡沫铝的填充不仅提高了薄壁金属管的轴向压缩性能和抗弯曲性能，也避免了泡沫铝本身强度不高的劣势。从泡沫铝填充管的制备、结构及性能方面综述了其研究现状，从泡沫铝单管、双管与多管填充的角度分析了结构对泡沫铝填充管压缩和弯曲性能的影响。单管填充泡沫铝改变了薄壁管压缩及弯曲的失效形式，提高了薄壁管的吸能性;双管填充泡沫铝的内管多数以同心管形式排列，在管内部所填充的泡沫铝支撑的基础上，内管进一步支撑起泡沫铝填充管的承载和吸能作用，其压缩及弯曲性能较单管填充更为突出;多管填充泡沫铝在双管基础上进行拓展，可以同心或并列排布，对薄壁管性能的提升各有不同，平行排列的多管结构能量吸收效率高于泡沫铝填充单管，但低于相应的薄壁空管结构。泡沫铝填充管的制备技术通常是分别制取泡沫铝和管材再进行填充，尽管过于单一且工艺复杂，但由于其具有优异的承载和吸能能力，仍然在交通运输、航空航天等领域极具应用潜力。

Research Progress of Aluminum Foam Filled Tube

Aluminum foam filled tube is a structure-functional integrated material formed by filling aluminum foam inside one or more thin-walled metal tubes with different cross-sectional shapes. The filling of aluminum foam not only improves the axial compression performance and bending resistance of thin-walled metal tubes, but also avoids the disadvantage of the low strength of aluminum foam itself. In this work, the current research status of aluminum foam-filled tubes was reviewed in terms of their preparation, structure and performance, and the effects of structure on the compression and bending performance of aluminum foam-filled tubes were analyzed from the perspective of aluminum foam single-tube, double-tube and multi-tube filling. Single-tube filled aluminum foam changed the failure form of compression and bending of thin-walled tubes and improved the energy absorption of thin-walled tubes; the inner tubes of double-tube filled aluminum foam were mostly arranged in the form of concentric tubes, which further supported the bearing and energy absorption property of aluminum foam filled tubes on the basis of the aluminum foam filled inside the tubes, and the performance in compression and bending was more outstanding than that of single-tube filled aluminum foam; multi-tube filled aluminum foam was expanded on the basis of double tubes, which can be arranged concentrically or side by side, with different performance enhancement for thin-walled tubes. The energy absorption property of parallel multi-tube structure was higher than that of foam-filled single tube, but lower than that of thin-walled empty tube structure. Aluminum foam-filled tubes are usually prepared by making aluminum foam and tubes separately and then filling them, which is too single and complicated, but still has great potential for applications in transportation, aerospace and other fields due to its excellent load-bearing and energy-absorbing capability.