食品中3-氯-1,2-丙二醇脂肪酸酯的检测方法及防控措施研究进展

3-氯-1,2-丙二醇脂肪酸酯(3-MCPD酯)是一种在食品加工过程中产生的化学污染物,其在精炼植物油、脂肪、酱油甚至婴儿配方奶粉中含量均相对较高。3-MCPD酯已被证明可在体内诱导各种毒性作用,对人类健康存在潜在风险,引起了国内外的广泛关注和高度重视。国际和我国已设立了对3-MCPD酯的检测标准,但是检测方法繁琐,耗时,安全隐患较大,对实验室仪器要求高,因此,建立简单、快速、适用性强的3-MCPD酯检测方法对食品中3-MCPD酯的污染水平监测、暴露评估和风险防范等具有重大的意义。本文综合介绍了国内外最新的3-MCPD酯监测方法,并对相关的检测方法及其适用范围进行了简单概括,根据3-MCPD酯的影响因素综合描述了对各种食物中3-MCPD酯控制措施,并通过检测方法和控制措施由此展望了3-MCPD酯未来发展方向。

Research progress on detection methods and prevention and control measures of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol fatty acid esters in food

3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol fatty acid ester (3-MCPD ester) is a chemical pollutant produced during food processing. It is relatively high in refined vegetable oils, fats, soy sauce and even infant formula milk powder. 3-MCPD ester has been proved to induce various toxic effects in vivo and has potential risks to human health, which has attracted wide attention at home and abroad. The international and Chinese standards for the detection of 3-MCPD ester have been set up, but the detection methods are complicated, time-consuming, hidden security risks and high requirements for laboratory instrument. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish a simple, rapid, and adaptable method for the detection of 3-MCPD ester in food for pollution monitoring, exposure assessment and risk prevention. In this paper, the latest monitoring methods of 3-MCPD ester at home and abroad are comprehensively introduced, and the relevant detection methods and their applicable scope are briefly summarized. According to the influencing factors of 3-MCPD ester, the control measures for 3-MCPD ester in various foods are comprehensively described, and the future development direction of 3-MCPD ester is forecasted through the detection methods and control measures.