激光选区熔化工艺制备多孔镁合金骨支架的研究进展

镁合金因其与人体骨骼相近的力学性能和可降解特性在人体骨组织支架移植中具有良好的发展前景,且将其制备成多孔结构有利于细胞的生长、增殖及分化。增材制造中的激光选区熔化工艺(SLM)制备多孔镁合金骨支架,在精确控制孔隙率与尺寸的同时,避免了传统铸造等工艺产生的形貌与性能缺陷。综述了多孔镁合金骨支架在临床医用中的可行性并介绍了SLM制备流程,通过对增强机制的分析阐明SLM工艺镁合金的性能优势。同时根据元素与工艺参数的变化剖析其作用机制与优化方案。最后总结现阶段工艺面临的瓶颈及其作用因素,以此提出改进方向与展望未来发展趋势,助力实现其医疗产业应用。

Progress of porous magnesium alloy bone scaffolds prepared by selective laser melting

Magnesium alloys are promising for human bone scaffold transplantation due to biodegradability and similar mechanical properties to human bone, and the preparation of porous structure is conducive to the growth, proliferation and differentiation of cells. The preparation of porous magnesium alloy bone scaffolds by laser-selective melting (SLM) in additive manufacturing avoids the morphological and performance defects arising from traditional casting and other processes while precisely controlling porosity and dimensions. This paper presents the feasibility of porous magnesium alloy bone scaffolds for clinical applications and describes the SLM process. The enhancement mechanism is analyzed to clarify the performance advantages of the SLM process for magnesium alloys. The mechanism of action and optimization is also analyzed according to the variation of elements and process parameters. Finally, the bottlenecks of the current process and its factors are summarized, and the directions of improvement and future development trends are proposed to help realize its medical industrial applications.