北宋洛阳宫城大内后苑遗址复原探析

北宋西京大内后苑是当时重要的皇家园林之一,虽不再拥有隋唐洛阳和北宋东京皇家御园的盛世局面,而超然物外的神仙意境仍未使其失去帝都陪京之尊位和皇家气势。根据宫城内考古和历史图文考证出大内后苑的整体范围,整理了描写大内后苑内景物的相关文献,并结合宋画、《营造法式》、相关建筑遗存和考古发掘报告首次对大内后苑的整体布局和单体建筑进行推理和复原想象设计,并在此基础上从选址、理水、建筑、花木等方面对其造园意匠展开分析,将其造园意匠归纳为“九曲通苑定乾坤”,主要体现在园林理水、空间和活动3个方面：园中理水采用了方中有曲的处理方法,阴阳相嵌,互相融合;园林空间北部呈现出规则形态,南部仍以自然式为主,体现道家、儒家和佛家意境;园林活动展现宗教性和文化性,整体上呈现较为鲜明的中原地区的造园特征。

Discussion on the Restoration Design of the Rear Garden Ruins in the Imperial Palace of Luoyang in Northern Song Dynasty

The Rear Garden of the Imperial Palace is one of the important royal gardens in Luoyang in the Western Capital of Northern Song Dynasty. Although it no longer has the prosperous situation of the royal gardens of Luoyang in Song and Tang Dynasties and the Eastern Capital of Northern Song Dynasty, the detached celestial conception still did not make it lose the imperial capital''s honor and the royal momentum. According to the archaeological and historical images and textual research, the overall scope of the Rear Garden is defined, and after sorting out the related literature describing the scenery of the Rear Garden, and combining the painting of Song Dynasty, The Treatise on Architectural Methods, and architectural remains and relevant archaeological report, the paper conducts the reasoning and restoration design of the overall layout and individual building of the Rear Garden. On this basis, the paper analyzes the gardening idea from location, water, building, and plants, and summarizes it as "Zigzag pool across garden to turn around heaven and earth", mainly reflected in the three aspectsof landscape water, space and activities: the garden water is treated in square and curved styles, an islet within the lake, Yin and Yang embedded, in mutual integration; the northern part of the garden space presents a regular form, while the southern part is dominated by natural style, reflecting the artistic conception of Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism; and garden activities show the religious and cultural nature, and on the whole showing the distinctive characteristics of garden building in the Central Plains.