基于光学扫描的高精度基准孔测量方法研究

飞机部件装配连接孔的位置精度对飞机装配质量和使用寿命有重要影响。提出了一种高精度基准测量技术，利用伺服电机和光学扫描仪组成基准找正装置对基准孔进行扫描得到基准孔三维点云数据；然后对测量数据进行基准孔边界提取并通过最小二乘法计算出基准孔中心坐标；最后利用基准找正装置坐标系和数控机床坐标系的标定关系，计算得到基准孔中心在机床坐标系下的坐标。通过实验验证，证明了该方法能够对基准孔三维坐标进行精确测量，且具有一定的鲁棒性。

High Precision Reference Hole Measurement Method Based on Optical Scanning

The position accuracy of aircraft component assembly connecting hole has an important impact on assembly quality and service life of aircraft.A high-precision datum measurement technology is proposed.The datum alignment device is composed of servo motor and optical scanner to scan the datum hole and obtain the three-dimensional point cloud data of the datum hole.Then,the boundary of the reference hole is extracted from the measured data,and the center coordinates of the reference hole are calculated by the least square method.Finally,the coordinate of the reference hole center in the machine coordinate system is calculated by using the calibration relationship between the coordinate system of the reference alignment device and the coordinate system of the computer numerical control (CNC) machine tool.Through experimental verification,it is proved that this method can accurately measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the reference hole,and has certain robustness.