铜渣资源化利用技术现状

铜渣是一种大宗工业固体废弃物,同时也是有较高附加值的二次资源,其铜含量通常超过0.5%,铁含量更是高达40%以上,因此,开发利用这种二次资源对缓解土地资源和环境污染压力具有重要意义。分析了不同熔炼方法获得的各类铜渣的成分差异、性质特点;较详细介绍了铜渣中主要有益元素铜、铁的回收工艺,列举了铜的火法贫化、选矿法和湿法回收工艺的研究与应用情况,以及以磁选为中心的选铁工艺研究与应用情况;并从整体利用的角度介绍了铜渣在水泥制取、作为建筑与道路工程中的应用情况。最后提出从控制铜渣形成环节入手,既实现铜渣中有价组分的高效回收,铜渣物理性质的充分利用,还实现熔融铜渣余热利用的思想。

Current Status of the Comprehensive Utilization Technology of Copper Slag

Copper slag is a kind of bulk industrial solid waste,and it also belongs to secondary resource that has higher added value,in which the grade of copper and iron are higher than 0. 5% and 40% separately. Therefore,the development and utilization of this secondary resource has important significance to alleviate the pressure of land resources and environmental pollution. The composition difference and characteristics of various types of copper slag obtained by different melting methods are analyzed. The recovery process of copper and iron in copper slag are introduced in detail,and it has listed the research and application of copper recycle by pyrometallurgy impoverishment, hydrometallurgy, mineral processing, and the iron recycle process which centered on the magnetic separation. The application of the copper slag in the cement production and the con-struction of building and road are introduced from the perspective of the whole utilization. Finally,it is proposed that starting from the control of copper slag formation can achieve the efficient recovery of value composition and take best utilization of physical properties of copper slag,and also realize the heat utilization of the molten copper slag.