用成本矩阵算法分析热电厂热电成本

通过修改火电机组热力系统成本分布通用矩阵模型，建立了抽凝机组成本分布通用矩阵模型，并将其应用于热电厂热电成本分摊。对某300 MW单抽机组的热力系统进行了实例计算，并将计算结果与其他几种分摊方法所得结果进行了对比分析。结果表明：与以往的热电分摊方法相比，本方法采用的矩阵形式简单方便，以系统工程的观点来追踪能量生产过程以及成本形成过程，能够反映热电厂真实的热、电成本。另外，还定量分析了某300 MW双抽机组在不同抽汽工况下的热、电成本。结果表明，该机组在有抽汽的工况下的发电燃料成本比纯凝汽工况下的成本低大约0.03～0.04元/kW＆#183;h左右。随着工业抽汽量或采暖抽汽量的增加，该机组的发电、供热及工业抽汽的燃料成本均降低。

The Application of Exergy Cost Matrix Algorithm in the Cost Analysis of Heating and Electricity in Cogeneration Plants

By modifying the general matrix model of exergy cost distribution in thermal system of coal-fired power units,a general matrix model for exergy cost distribution in thermal system of condensate pumping units was estab-lished and used in cost apportionment of cogeneration plants. An example calculation for thermal system of a 300 MW single pumping unit was performed,and its results were compared with other methods. The results show that, comparing with the previous method of cost apportionment,this method applies the matrix form and is simple and convenient,which can track energy production process and cost formation process in the view of systems engineer-ing,and reflect the real heating and electricity costs in cogeneration plants. In addition,the costs of heating and e-lectricity of a 300 MW double pumping unit were analyzed quantitatively under different extraction conditions. The comparisons present that the fuel costs of electricity under steam extraction conditions are lower than that of pure condensing steam condition about 0.03~0.04 yuan/kWh;with the capacity of industrial steam extraction or heat-ing steam extraction increases,the fuel costs of electricity,heating and industrial steam are reduced simultaneous-ly.