肠道菌群对饮食诱导的高尿酸血症的调控研究进展

高尿酸血症是一种人体血尿酸水平异常升高的代谢性疾病，由嘌呤代谢紊乱和/或尿酸排泄障碍导致，其中高果糖和高嘌呤的饮食具有明显的高尿酸诱导效应。近年来，研究发现高尿酸血症与肠道菌群存在密切关系，患者存在肠道菌群紊乱、有益菌属丰度下降的现象。合理的膳食及益生菌摄入可有效调节肠道菌群，维持其稳态，并促进肠道嘌呤和尿酸代谢，提示肠道菌群是未来预防高尿酸血症的靶点。本文概述了高尿酸血症的发病特征和机制、饮食对高尿酸血症的诱导、高尿酸血症与肠道菌群的关联性，以及肠道菌群调控高尿酸血症的策略，以期为未来开发诊治高尿酸血症及痛风的新方法提供参考。

Research Progress in the Regulation of Gut Microbiota on Diet-Induced Hyperuricemia

Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disease with excessively high level of uric acid in blood. It is triggered by the disorder of purine metabolism and/or uric acid excretion in human, and the purine-rich and fructose-rich diets and purine was confirmed to induce the hyperuricemia. In recent years, some reports have shown that there is a close connection between hyperuricemia and gut microbiota, namely the patients with hyperuricemia have a gut microbiota disorder and decreased abundance of beneficial bacteria. Rational diet and probiotics intake have been confirmed to regulate intestinal microbiota effectively, maintain homeostasis, and promote intestinal purine and uric acid metabolism. Thus, gut microbiota is considered as a target for future preventation of hyperuricemia. In the review, the feature and pathogenesis of hyperuricemia, the induction of diet on hyperuricemia, the association between hyperuricemia and gut microbiota, and the regulation strategies of gut microbiota on hyperuricemia are summarized. This review would provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of hyperuricemia and gout in the future.