蓝莓花青素对2型糖尿病小鼠肝、肾损伤的改善作用

目的:探讨蓝莓花青素（Blueberry anthocyanins，BA）对2型糖尿病小鼠肝脏、肾脏组织损伤的改善作用。方法:采用高脂、高糖饮食联合腹腔注射链佐霉素（streptozocin，STZ）建立2型糖尿病小鼠模型，设置正常组、模型组、盐酸二甲双胍组（250 mg/kg）、蓝莓花青素组低、中、高剂量组（100、200、300 mg/kg），连续灌胃4周后，处死小鼠；测定脏器指数，血清中谷丙转氨酶（Alanine aminotransferase，ALT）、谷草转氨酶（Aspartate aminotransferase，AST）活性和血肌酐（Serum creatinine，Scr）、尿素氮（BUN）含量；检测肝、肾组织丙二醛（Malondialdehyde，MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase，SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（Glutathione peroxidase，GSH-Px）水平；制作肝肾HE染色病理切片，观察病理学变化。结果:BA显著降低了肝、肾脏器指数（P<0.05）；抑制血清中ALT、AST活力（P<0.01），降低血清Scr、BUN含量（P<0.01）；提高了肝肾组织中抗氧化酶SOD和GSH-Px活性（P<0.05），降低了MDA含量；组织病理学观察显示，BA减轻了这些器官的病理损伤，且剂量越大，效果越明显。结论:BA具有较强的抗氧化活性，能够改善肝肾功能，对2型糖尿病造成的肝肾损伤也具有一定的修复作用，可作为预防糖尿病及其并发症的潜在功能性食品。

Improvement Effect of Blueberry Anthocyanin on Liver and Kidney Injury in Type 2 Diabetic Mice

Objective: To discuss the improvement effect of blueberry anthocyanins (BA) on liver and kidney tissue injury in type 2 diabetic mice. Methods: Type 2 diabetic mouse model was established by high-fat and high-sugar diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of Streptozocin (STZ). Established normal control group, diabetes mellitus group, metformin hydrochloride group (250 mg/kg), blueberry anthocyanin group low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg), and continued feeding for 4 weeks. The mice were sacrificed. The organ index was measured, the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum and the content of serum creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured. Liver and kidney were obtained for determining, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels. Liver and kidney HE stained pathological sections were made to observe the liver and kidney histopathological changes. Results: BA significantly decreased liver and kidney organ index (P<0.05). The activities of ALT and AST in serum were inhibited (P<0.01), and the contents of Scr and BUN in serum were decreased (P<0.01). The activities of SOD and GSH-Px in liver and kidney tissues were increased (P<0.05), and the content of MDA was decreased. Histopathological observation showed that BA alleviated the pathological damage of these organs, and the higher the dose, the more obvious the effect. Conclusion: BA had strong antioxidant activity, could improve liver and kidney function, and also had a certain repair effect on liver and kidney damage caused by type 2 diabetes, so it could be used as a potential functional food to prevent diabetes and its complications.