福建观音座莲根茎的抗氧化成分提取工艺优化

为评价福建观音座莲根茎的抗氧化能力，并明确其抗氧化成分，本研究以V_C当量抗氧化能力（VCEAC）为指标，通过单因素实验并结合正交试验，优化并确定抗氧化活性成分的最佳提取工艺；以DPPH自由基清除法和ABTS自由基清除法，进一步评价样品的抗氧化能力；以亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝-氢氧化钠法和福林酚显色法分别测定样品中总黄酮和总酚的含量，采用Pearson法分析2种成分与VCEAC值的相关性。结果表明，福建观音座莲根茎中抗氧化活性成分的提取工艺为:选取过3号筛的样品，60 ℃下，料液比为1:40 g/mL，以50%甲醇水浴加热提取1 h，此条件下可从1 g干燥的福建观音座莲根茎中提取得到相当于24.44 mg V_C的抗氧化活性物质。11个不同批次福建观音座莲根茎的抗氧化能力存在较大的差异:VCEAC值介于9.41~29.32 mg/g之间；IC₅₀值（DPPH法）介于0.85~3.03 mg/mL之间；IC₅₀值（ABTS法）介于1.02~3.81 mg/mL之间。不同批次福建观音座莲根茎所含总黄酮和总酚含量分别介于8.75~30.18 mg/g和5.19~17.84 mg/g之间，均与VCEAC值呈显著相关（P<0.05）。因此，福建观音座莲根茎中所含的总黄酮和总酚是其主要的抗氧化活性成分，具有进一步开发的潜力。

Study on Extraction Optimization of Anti-oxidants from Roots of Angiopteris fokiensis Hieron.

This study was performed to clarify the antioxidant capacity and components of roots of Angiopteris fokiensis. With Vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity (VCEAC) as the index, single factor experiments combined with orthogonal tests were carried out to optimize the extraction process of antioxidant components. The antioxidant capacity was also evaluated based on DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. The chromogenic method of NaNO₂-Al(NO₃)₃-NaOH and Folin-phenol was employed separately to determine the content of total flavonoids and total phenols, of which the correlation with VCEAC values was then analyzed based on Pearson method. The results demonstrated that the optimal extraction conditions were as follows: No.3 sieve, feed liquid ratio was 1:40 g/mL, volume fraction was 50%, extraction temperature was 60 ℃. Under these conditions, the sample was extracted with antioxidant capacity equivalent to 24.44 mg V_C. The antioxidant capacity differed significantly between 11 batches of A. fokiensis: VCEAC values ranged from 9.41 to 29.32 mg/g; IC₅₀ values ranged from 0.85 to 3.03 mg/mL determined by DPPH assay, and from 1.02 to 3.81 mg/mL determined by ABTS assay. The content of total flavonoids and total phenols ranged from 8.75 to 30.18 mg/g, and from 5.19 to 17.84 mg/g, respectively. The pearson analysis indicated that the content of total flavonoids or total phenols was correlated significantly with the VCEAC values of A. fokiensis (P<0.05). In conclusion, total flavonoids and total phenols in A. fokiensis were determined as the main antioxidant components with potential for further development.