洋蓟膳食纤维中可溶性膳食纤维提取工艺优化

研究洋蓟膳食纤维经超微粉碎（高能纳米冲击磨）和高压均质改性预处理后，提取洋蓟可溶性膳食纤维（Soluble Dietary Fiber,SDF），采用单因素和响应面试验设计，优化高压均质改性工艺，以得到更高的得率。单因素实验考察均质温度、均质压力和物料浓度对洋蓟SDF得率的影响。用响应面法以三因素三水平对洋蓟SDF提取工艺进行优化，建立洋蓟SDF提取条件与得率之间的模型并进行分析，以得到最优的工艺参数，提高洋蓟SDF的得率。结果表明：经超微粉碎-高压均质复合改性后，洋蓟SDF的得率受复合改性的影响显著，其提取洋蓟SDF的最佳工艺为均质温度41℃、均质压力97 MPa、物料浓度2.5%，洋蓟SDF理论最高得率为20.70%。采用该工艺，实际洋蓟SDF得率的均值为20.13%。傅里叶变化红外光谱图显示经复合改性后，洋蓟膳食纤维的化学成分没有发生变化。

Optimization of Extraction Process of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Artichoke Dietary Fiber

To study the extraction rate of soluble dietary fiber (soluble dietary fiber, SDF) contained in the artichoke after ultrafine crushing and high pressure homogenization composite modification, single factor experiment was conducted to investigate the homogenization temperature, homogenization pressure and material concentration on artichoke SDF yield. The response surface method was used to optimize the artichoke SDF extraction process with three factors and three levels. The model between artichoke SDF extraction conditions and yield was established and analyzed to obtain the optimal process parameters and improve the artichoke SDF yield. The results showed that after ultrafine crushing and high pressure homogenization compound modification, the yield of artichoke SDF was significantly affected by the compound modification. The best process for extracting artichoke SDF was a homogenization temperature of 41 ℃ and a homo-genization pressure of 97 MPa, material concentration 2.5%. The theoretical maximum yield of artichoke SDF was 20.70%. With this process, the average yield of artichoke SDF was 20.13%. The Fourier infrared spectroscopy showed that the chemical composition of artichoke dietary fiber had not changed after compound modification.