西兰花茎提取液对西兰花贮藏品质的影响

为研究营养补偿对西兰花保鲜效果的影响，本试验将西兰花茎通过榨汁制成提取液，通过茎基部浸施方式模拟西兰花生长状态的营养供应，设计了提取液、蒸馏水浸施12 h两个处理，以自然放置为对照，研究了西兰花在10 ℃贮藏期间乙烯释放量、呼吸速率、含水量、失重率、相对电导率和丙二醛（Malondialdehyde，MDA）含量、叶绿素、抗坏血酸（Vitamin C，V_C）、可溶性固形物（Total Soluble Solids，TSS）、可滴定酸（Titratable acid，TA）等指标变化。结果表明，与对照处理相比，提取液处理能够推迟乙烯的释放以及呼吸高峰的到来，降低呼吸强度，乙烯释放及呼吸强度的最大值分别为对照处理的60.29%、77.22%；保持西兰花的含水量，延缓失重，在贮藏末期提取液处理的西兰花含水量达83.64%，失重仅为7.01%；延缓MDA含量和电导率的增加，在贮藏末期提取液处理的MDA含量及相对电导率分别70.19%、49.93%；保持较高的叶绿素含量，达到了7.01 mg/kg；保持较高的V_C含量和TSS含量，比对照处理高出60.99%、20.82%；TA最终含量为0.30%。表明西兰花茎提取液能够对西兰花产生较好的保鲜效果。

Influence of Broccoli Stem Extract on the Storage Quality of Broccoli Heads

To verify the effect of nutritional compensation on the preservation of broccoli, the filtered squeeze juice of broccoli stalks was used as stem extract, and by dipping at the base of the stem to simulated the nutrient supply of broccoli growth state. In the experiment, broccoli heads were respectively drenched by stem-extract-solution and distilled-water for 12 h as treatments, and natural placement was designed as control. During storage at 10 ℃ ethylene release, respiration rate, water content, weight loss rate, relative conductivity, and malondialdehyde, chlorophyll, vitamin C content, total soluble solids, titratable acid were studied. The results showed that, compared with the control treatment, the extract treatment could postpone the release of ethylene and the arrival of the respiratory peak, and reduce the respiratory intensity, the maximum values of ethylene release and respiratory intensity were respectively 60.29% and 77.22% of the control treatment, and maintain the water content of broccoli and delay weight loss. The water content of broccoli treated with the extract solution reached 83.64%, and the weight loss was only 7.01% at the end of storage, and the increasing of MDA content and electrical conductivity were delayed at 70.19% and 49.93% respectively. The extract treatment could maintain a high chlorophyll content, reached 7.01 mg/kg. V_C content and TSS content maintained a high level, 60.99%, 20.82% higher than the control treatment, and the final TA content was 0.30%. In summary, the broccoli stem extract could have a good fresh-keeping effect on broccoli heads.