静电纺丝蛋白基纳米纤维的研究进展

蛋白质不仅能为人类提供必需的营养，同时具备良好的加工及应用特性。蛋白基纳米纤维因其高比表面积而被广泛应用于营养递送、空气过滤、生物医药和组织工程等领域。静电纺丝（电纺）技术作为一种简单有效、成本低廉的纳米纤维有效制备手段，为蛋白基纳米纤维的进一步应用提供了技术保障。本文从电纺蛋白基纳米纤维的制备过程、电纺条件（流速、电压、接收距离等）对纤维形貌的影响、静电纺丝蛋白基纳米纤维的应用（食品工业、药物载送、组织工程、空气过滤）等方面进行了综述，并展望了蛋白基纳米纤维的潜在研究方向，以期为静电纺丝蛋白基纳米纤维的可控构建、功能特性的改善以及静电纺丝的产业化研究和应用提供参考。

Research Progress on Electrospun Protein-based Nanofibers

Protein can not only provide essential nutrition for human beings, but also have good processing properties and applications. Protein-based nanofibers are widely used in nutrition delivery, air filters, biomedicine, tissue engineering and other fields due to their high specific surface area. Electrospinning, as a simple, effective and low-cost method for the preparation of nanofibers, provides technical support for the further application of protein-based nanofibers. This paper reviews the preparation process, the fabrication conditions (flow rate, voltage, receiving distance, etc.) on fiber morphology, and the application of electrospun protein-based nanofibers (food industry, drug delivery, tissue engineering, air filtration). Finally, the potential research directions of protein-based nanofibers are prospected in order to provide reference for the controllable construction of electrospun protein-based nanofibers, the improvement of functional properties, and the industrial research and application of electrospinning.