核桃蛋白营养评价及其对DSS诱导小鼠急性结肠炎的改善作用

本研究基于氨基酸组成对核桃蛋白进行了营养价值评价，并以葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导的急性结肠炎小鼠为模型，探究了核桃蛋白与核桃蛋白酶解物对急性结肠炎小鼠疾病活动指数评分、血清炎症因子、髓过氧化物酶活力以及结肠组织形态的影响。结果表明，核桃蛋白氨基酸组成合理，必需氨基酸含量（26.98%）、功效比值（PER）预测值（1.55、1.58）和生物价（BV）预测值（87.96%）较高。经过小鼠体内消化后，核桃蛋白及核桃蛋白酶解物均可以延缓小鼠的结肠炎发病时间，减缓结肠炎导致的小鼠体重下降，对于临床症状具有明显的改善。血清生化指标表明，核桃蛋白与酶解物均可以极显著（P<0.01）降低急性结肠炎小鼠血清中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的含量以及髓过氧化物酶（MPO）活性。组织形态学结果显示，核桃蛋白与酶解物均可明显改善小鼠结肠的形态学特征，减轻结肠组织损伤，减轻炎性细胞的浸润。综上，核桃蛋白经过胃肠道消化利用后，可以预防和减缓急性结肠炎的发生和发展。

Nutritional Evaluation of Walnut Protein and Its Ameliorative Effect on DSS Induced Acute Colitis in Mice

The nutritional value of walnut protein was evaluated based on the amino acid composition, and the effects of walnut protein and walnut protease hydrolysate on disease activity index score, serum inflammatory factors, myeloperoxidase activity and colon tissue morphology were investigated in mice with acute colitis induced by sodium glucan sulfate (DSS). The results showed that walnut protein had a reasonable amino acid composition. The essential amino acid content (26.98%), the predictive value of protein efficacy ratio (PER, 1.55 and 1.58) and the biological value (BV, 87.96%) were high. After digestion in mice, walnut protein and its hydrolysate could retard the onset of colitis, slow down the weight loss of mice caused by colitis, and significantly improve the clinical symptoms. Serum biochemical indexes showed that both walnut protein and its hydrolysate could extremely significantly (P<0.01) reduce the contents of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in serum of acute colitis mice. The histopathology of colon tissue showed that both walnut protein and its hydrolysate could significantly improve the morphological characteristics of the colon in colitis mice, alleviate the damage of colon tissue, and reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells. In conclusion, walnut protein could prevent and retard the occurrence and development of acute colitis after gastrointestinal digestion.