低GI杂粮可可冲调粉辅助降血糖作用

目的:研究低GI杂粮可可冲调粉（Multigrain Cocoa Powder，C-MGP）对糖尿病小鼠血糖的影响。方法:52只雄性SPF级小鼠随机分为6组，包括正常对照组、模型组、二甲双胍组、冲调粉低、中、高剂量组（5%、10%、30% C-MGP）。正常对照组小鼠喂养基础饲料，模型组和二甲双胍组小鼠喂养高糖高脂饲料，冲调粉低剂量组（5% C-MGP）、中剂量组（10% C-MGP）、高剂量组（30% C-MGP）小鼠分别喂养含5%（质量分数）、10%（质量分数）、30%（质量分数）C-MGP的高糖高脂饲料。高脂饲料喂养四周后，小鼠腹腔注射30 mg/kg链脲佐菌素（STZ）建立Ⅱ型糖尿病小鼠模型。造模成功后，继续喂养4周，并测定小鼠基础指标和糖脂代谢等相关指标的变化。结果:经过高脂饲料联合STZ诱导，与模型组相比，10% C-MGP和30% C-MGP摄食量、饮水量均极显著降低（P<0.01），体重极显著升高（P<0.01）。与模型组相比，30% C-MGP显著降低了STZ诱导糖尿病小鼠的肝脏、肾脏指数，降低了空腹血糖水平（FBG）、糖化血红蛋白（GHb）、空腹胰岛素水平（FINS）及胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR），提高了葡萄糖耐量（GT），改善了血清中甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和游离脂肪酸（FFA）水平，极显著促进了肝糖原（HG）合成（P<0.01），改善了肝脏脂肪堆积，极显著提高了血清胰高血糖素样肽（GLP-1）含量（P<0.01），极显著降低了血清脂多糖（LPS）水平（P<0.01）。结论:30% C-MGP具有调节STZ诱导糖尿病小鼠的糖脂代谢，减轻糖尿病症状的作用，具有进一步开发利用的价值。

Auxiliary Hypoglycemic Effect of Low-GI Multigrain Cocoa Powder

Objective: To study the effect of low GI multigrain cocoa powder (C-MGP) on blood glucose in diabetic mice. Methods: Fifty-two male SPF mice were randomly divided into 6 groups, including normal control group, model group, metformin group, flushing powder low, medium and high-dose groups (5%, 10%, 30% C-MGP). Mice in normal control group were fed basal diet, mice in model group and metformin group were fed high-glucose and high-fat diets. Mice in low dose group (5% C-MGP), medium dose group (10% C-MGP) and high dose group (30% C-MGP) were fed high-glucose and high-fat diets containing 5% (mass fraction), 10% (mass fraction) and 30% (mass fraction) low GI mixed grain cocoa, respectively. After four weeks of high-fat diet, type Ⅱ diabetic mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (30 mg/kg). After successful modeling, feeding was continued for 4 weeks, basic indexes and glucose and lipid metabolism indexes were measured during the experiment in mice. Results: After high-fat diet combined with STZ induction, compared with the model group, 10% C-MGP and 30% C-MGP had significantly lower food intake and water intake (P<0.01), and significantly higher body weight (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, 30% C-MGP significantly decreased liver and kidney indexes, fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb), fasting insulin (FINS) and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), and improved glucose tolerance (GT) in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Total glyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipid-cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipid-cholesterol (HDL-C) and free fatty acids (FFA) levels were improved, hepatic glycogen (HG) synthesis was significantly promoted (P<0.01), and liver fat accumulation was improved. Significantly increased the content of serum glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) (P<0.01), significantly decreased the level of serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (P<0.01). Conclusion: The 30% C-MGP had the effects of regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, and reduces diabetes symptoms on SZT induced diabetic mice, which is valuable for further development and utilization.