基于HS-SPME-GC-MS分析不同茶树品种晒红茶的香气成分

为揭示晒红茶的香气成分及探讨较为合适制作晒红茶的茶树品种,采用HS-SPME-GC-MS技术分析10个茶树品种的香气成分,并采用相对气味活度值判定各品种所制晒红茶的主体香气成分。结果表明:不同品种茶树所制的晒红茶呈香物质组成、相对含量及ROAV值存在巨大差异。10个品种所制的晒红茶均以醇类物质的相对含量最高,且在醇类物质中均以芳樟醇的相对含量最高。ROAV贡献值分析结果表明,虽然在10个品种晒红茶中均以芳樟醇相对含量最高,但芳樟醇仅作为关键呈香物质之一,并非贡献最大的物质。清水3号、73-11、群体种、云抗10号、云茶普蕊、云抗37号及73-8均为β-紫罗酮对呈香贡献度最高,长叶白毫及云抗14以β-紫罗兰酮对呈香贡献度最高,云抗43号则以1-甲基萘对呈香贡献度最高。本研究从香气成分的角度明确了清水3号、73-11及群体种更适合制作晒红茶,为云南红茶品质提升及晒红茶筛选适制性茶树品种提供理论依据。

Analysis of the Aroma Composition of Sun-dried Black Tea Samples Processed by Different Varieties Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS

In order to reveal the aroma components of sun-dried black tea and explore the suitable varieties of sun-dried black tea, the aroma components of 10 tea varieties were analyzed by HS-SPME-GC-MS, and determined the main volatile aroma components of each samples by using the activity value of relative odor. The results showed that there were great differences in aroma components, relative content and ROAV value of sun-dried black tea produced by different varieties of tea plants. The relative content of alcohols in sun-dried black tea from 10 samples was the highest, and the relative content of linalool in alcohols was the highest. The results of ROAV value analysis showed that although linalool had the highest relative content in all 10 samples of sun-dried black tea, linalool was only one of the key aromatic substances and not the largest contributor. Qingshui 3, 73-11, population species, Yunkang 10, Yuncha Purui, Yunkang 37 and 73-8 had the highest contribution of β-ionone to aroma. Changyebaihao and Yunkang 14 had the highest contribution of β-ionone to aroma. Yunkang 43 had the highest contribution of 1-methylnaphthalene to aroma. This study clarifies that Qingshui 3, 73-11 and population species are more suitable for the production of sun-dried black tea, which provides a theoretical basis for the quality improvement of Yunnan black tea and screening suitable tea varieties for sun-dried black tea.