马铃薯中立枯丝核菌代谢产物及生物活性研究

研究了马铃薯中立枯丝核菌的代谢产物。首先利用不同的有机溶剂萃取立枯丝核菌培养滤液并测定各组分生物活性,其次结合薄层色谱（TLC）与硅胶柱层析两种色谱分析方法对有毒性组分进行了分离纯化,最后利用紫外吸收光谱、红外吸收光谱和气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）等方法对立枯丝核菌毒素做了分析鉴定。结果表明:乙酸乙酯提取物的毒性高于氯仿提取物。硅胶柱层析中分离得到5个立枯丝核菌分离物（I₁、I₂、I₃、I₄、I₅）。紫外吸收数据表明,I₁在198.5 nm处有最大吸光度;红外光谱表明,I₁中有-CH₂(2927.41、2856.06 cm^-1)、C=O(1735.62 cm^-1)、C=C(1635.34 cm^-1)、-CH₃(1417.42 cm^-1)、-C-O(1263.1、1128.2 cm^-1)等基团存在;GC-MS分析结果表明,I₁中的主要物质有磷酸三丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和（甲氧基甲基）三苯基氯化磷几种物质。 

Study on Rhizoctonia solani metabolites and biological activity in potato

The Rhizoctonia solani metabolites in potato was investigated. Firstly,the culture filtrates of Rhizoctonia solani were extracted with different organic solvent and the biological activities of each fraction were examined.Then,the toxic components were purified with method of thin layer chromatography( TLC) and silica gel column chromatography.Finally,Rhizoctonia solani toxin was analyzed and identified by UV absorption spectrum,FT- IR spectra and gas chromatography- mass spectrometry( GC- MS).The results showed that the component extracted by ethyl acetate showed higher toxicity than that extracted by chloroform.Five Rhizoctonia solani isolates( I_1,I_2,I_3,I_4,I_5) were isolated by silica gel column chromatography.The absorption bands of the UV spectrum suggested that I_1 had a higher absorption at 198.5 nm. The IR spectrum showed bands characteristic of- CH_2( 2927.41,2856.06 cm~(-1)),C = O( 1735.62 cm~(-1)),C = C( 1635.34 cm~(-1)),-CH_3( 1417.42 cm~(-1)) and-C-O( 1263.1,1128.2 cm~(-1))groups in I_1.GC- MS analysis showed that I_1 mainly contains several substances of tributyl phosphate,diisobutyl phthalate,dibutyl phthalate and( methoxymethyl) triphenylphosphonium chloride.