Fabrication of [1 0 0]-oriented bismuth sodium titanate ceramics with small grain size and high density for piezoelectric materials |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Advanced Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kagawa University, 2217-20 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu-shi 761-0396, Japan;2. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Science, 1 Gaoxin Road, Baoji, Shaanxi 721013, PR China;3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Weiyang, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710021, PR China;4. Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medical and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu 400-8510, Japan;1. School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Changwon National University, Gyeongnam 641-773, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Physics, Changwon National University, Gyeongnam 641-773, Republic of Korea;1. Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China;2. Key Laboratory on Adaptive Optics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China;3. State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;1. Advanced Functional Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India;2. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, 502285, Telangana, India;1. College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China;2. Functional Materials Research Laboratory, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China;3. School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK |
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| Abstract: | A layered titanate H1.07Ti1.73O4·nH2O (HTO) with a plate-like particle morphology was used as a template for the fabrication of 1 0 0]-oriented bismuth sodium titanate (Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3, or BNT) ceramics by a reactive-templated grain growth (RTGG) method. The oriented BNT ceramic with a high degree of orientation (95%), high density (98%), and small grain size (2 μm) was fabricated for the first time by the RTGG method using a HTO-TiO2-Bi2O3-Na2CO3 reaction system. The oriented BNT ceramic is formed by a topotactic transformation reaction of plate-like HTO template particles to plate-like BNT mesocrystal particles, and then epitaxial crystal growth of BNT on the BNT mesocrystal particles. The epitaxial crystal growth reaction is affected by TiO2/HTO mole ratio, chemical component of the starting material, and calcination temperature program. The fabricated oriented BNT ceramic shows a higher d33* value than the non-oriented BNT ceramic, suggesting the promising application to high performance Pb-free piezoelectric materials. |
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| Keywords: | Bismuth sodium titanate Crystal-axis-orientation Pb-free piezoelectric materials Mesocrystal Degree of orientation |
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