金属材料静电起电理论分析及实验验证

目的减小包装材料在运输过程中产生的静电对周围或包装内电子产品的影响。方法对金属包装材料与空间粒子的摩擦起电机理进行理论分析,以固体接触分离起电为基础推导出摩擦起电电位的计算公式。为验证理论分析的正确性,以铝系金属材料为例进行摩擦起电实验。结果通过理论推导得到材料静电电位随时间以负指数规律增加,并逐步趋近饱和值,该饱和值与材料的性质有关,并与摩擦速度和接触面积成正比。在材料摩擦起电电位测试实验中,所得的静电电位变化曲线与理论分析相同,且连续测试后发现材料起电电位逐次降低;根据不同材料和不同摩擦速度时静电电位饱和值的变化情况,证实了金属材料摩擦起电电位与材料摩擦系数和接触面积的对应关系。结论通过理论分析和材料摩擦起电实验,得到了摩擦起电电位的增长规律,对减小静电危害起到指导意义。

Electrification Theory and Experimental Research of Metal Material

Objective In order to reduce the damage to electronic products around or inside of aluminum-base metal packaging material by electrostatic discharge. Methods The principle of the triboelectrification between metal packaging material and space particles was theoretically analyzed and a calculation formula for triboelectrification potential was deduced based on solid contact separation electrification. To verify the theoretical analysis, an aluminum-base metal material was used as an example to study the triboelectrification. Results The theoretical deduction found that the electrostatic potential of the material increased in a negative exponent manner with time, and tended to be saturated gradually. The saturation value was related with the properties of the material, and was positively correlated with the friction speed and the contact area. In the material triboelectrification potential test, the variation curve of electrostatic potential was the same as the theoretical analysis results. And the electrification potential in continuous test decreased gradually. The variation of the electrostatic potential saturation values of different materials and different friction speeds verified the relationship between the triboelectrification potential of metal material and the friction coefficient of the material as well as the contact area. Conclusion The increasing rule of the triboelectrification potential was obtained through theoretical analyses and material triboelectrification experiment, which provides guidance for the reduction of electrostatic damage.