椰叶纳米纤维素及高强度透明膜的制备与表征

目的以农业废弃物——椰子凋落叶为研究对象,提取纳米纤维素,并用其制备高强度透明薄膜。方法采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和X射线衍射(XRD),对经酸碱处理和研磨超声提取的纳米纤维素分析表征。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、UV-紫外分光光度计和万能力学实验机,对真空抽滤的薄膜的微观形貌、透光度和力学性能进行表征。结果纳米纤维素被完整地从椰子凋落叶中提取出来,结晶度达到56%。用其制备薄膜,弹性模量达到3.3 GPa,拉伸强度达到126.4 MPa,透光度达到88%。结论椰子凋落叶可作为纳米纤维素的提取对象,并可用于制备高强度透明薄膜及其他功能型包装材料。

Preparation and Characterization of Nano-cellulose from Coconut Litter and Its High-strength Transparent Film

Objective To extract nano-cellulose from agricultural waste - coconut litter, and prepare a high-strength and transparent film using it. Methods Nano-cellulose was obtained by chemical treatment, grinding and ultrasonic extraction and characterized by FTIR and XRD. After vacuum filtration, the microscopic morphology, transmittance and mechanical properties of the film were characterized by SEM, UV- ultraviolet spectrophotometer and universal strength testing machine. Results The results showed that nano-cellulose was extracted entirely from the coconut litter, and its crystallinity reached up to 56% . Furthermore, the performance of the film prepared from the nano-cellulose was good, which an elastic modulus of 3.3 GPa, a tensile strength of 126.4 MPa, and a transmittance of 88%. Conclusion Coconut litter could be used as a extraction source of nano-cellulose, and could be used for preparation of high-strength transparent films and other functional packaging materials.