Phase selection enabled formation of abrupt axial heterojunctions in branched oxide nanowires |
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Authors: | Gao Jing Lebedev Oleg I Turner Stuart Li Yong Feng Lu Yun Hao Feng Yuan Ping Boullay Philippe Prellier Wilfrid van Tendeloo Gustaaf Wu Tom |
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Affiliation: | Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore. |
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Abstract: | Rational synthesis of nanowires via the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism with compositional and structural controls is vitally important for fabricating functional nanodevices from bottom up. Here, we show that branched indium tin oxide nanowires can be in situ seeded in vapor transport growth using tailored Au-Cu alloys as catalyst. Furthermore, we demonstrate that VLS synthesis gives unprecedented freedom to navigate the ternary In-Sn-O phase diagram, and a rare and bulk-unstable cubic phase can be selectively stabilized in nanowires. The stabilized cubic fluorite phase possesses an unusual almost equimolar concentration of In and Sn, forming a defect-free epitaxial interface with the conventional bixbyite phase of tin-doped indium oxide that is the most employed transparent conducting oxide. This rational methodology of selecting phases and making abrupt axial heterojunctions in nanowires presents advantages over the conventional synthesis routes, promising novel composition-modulated nanomaterials. |
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