Antioxidant technology for durability enhancement in polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cell applications |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Hydrogen Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States;3. School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States;4. Division of Energy-Environment Engineering, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea;5. Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States;6. Materials and Process Simulation Center (MSC), MC 139-74, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States;1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China;2. Shenzhen General Hydrogen Energy Technology Co., Ltd. Shenzhen 518118, China;1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea;2. Cell Development Group, Automotive & ESS Business Division, Samsung SDI Co. Ltd. 150-20, Gongse-ro, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-577, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyonggi University, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Sangdo-5 dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-743, Republic of Korea;1. Graduate School of Integrated Frontier Science, Department of Automotive Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan;2. Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Hydrogen Energy Systems, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan;3. International Research Center for Hydrogen Energy, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan;4. International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan;5. Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (SPring-8/JASRI), 1 Chome-1 Koto, Sayo, Sayo District, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan;6. Research Center for Synchrotron Light Applications (RCSLA), Kyushu University, 8 Chome-7 Yayoigaoka, Tosu, Saga, 841-0005, Japan;7. Platform for Inter-Transdisciplinary Energy Research (Q-PIT), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan;8. Next-Generation Fuel Cell Research Center (NEXT-FC), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan;1. School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China;2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Fluorinated Functional Membrane Materials, Zibo, 256401, China |
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| Abstract: | While polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have surged in popularity due to their low environmental impact and high efficiency, their susceptibility to degradation by in-situ generated peroxide and oxygen radical species has prevented their widespread adoption. To alleviate chemical attack on components of PEMFCs, particularly on polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs), antioxidant approaches have been the subject of enormous interest as a key solution because they can directly scavenge and remove detrimental peroxide and oxygen radical species. However, a consequence is that long-term PEMFC device operation can cause undesirable adverse degradation of antioxidant additives provoked by the distinctive chemical/electrochemical environment of low pH, electric potential, water flux, and ion exchange/concentration gradient. Moreover, changes in the physical state such as migration, agglomeration, and dissolution of antioxidants by mechanical or chemical pressures are serious problems that gradually deteriorate antioxidant activity and capacity. This review presents current opportunities for and limitations to antioxidant therapy for durability enhancement in PEMs for electrochemical device applications. We also provide a summary of advanced synthetic design strategies and in-depth analyses of antioxidants regarding optimizing activity-stability factors. This review will bring new insight into the design to realization of ideal antioxidant nanostructures for PEMs and open up new opportunities for enhancing proliferation of durable PEMFCs. |
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| Keywords: | Antioxidant Polymer electrolyte membrane Perfluorosulfonic acid Fuel cell Durability |
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