Role of porosity defects in metal 3D printing: Formation mechanisms,impacts on properties and mitigation strategies |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States;2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States;3. X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, United States;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi''an 710072, China;3. Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China |
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| Abstract: | Metal 3D printing (3DP), a state-of-the-art manufacturing technology that brings the potential to fabricate complex structures at low cost and reduced energy consumption, has been extensively adopted in various industries. However, the porosity defects inherited from the printing process can significantly impede the mechanical properties and weaken the performance of as-printed components, potentially challenging this approach's reliability and reproducibility. The advancement of detection techniques currently opens up a more intuitive and deeper study of porosity defects. Given that, this review systematically states the 'restriction role' of porosity defects in metal 3DP by generalizing the detailed information on porosity defects, including their characterizations, formation and migration mechanisms, and their impacts on the performance of printed parts. Furthermore, feasible porosity mitigation measures are discussed to inspire more advanced methodologies for the next generation of metal 3DP. |
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| Keywords: | 3D printing Porosity defects Metallic materials Mechanical properties Porosity elimination |
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