泡沫铝合金显微组织和压缩力学性能的研究

采用Si、Mg及Cu元素进行合金化处理，制备了几种不同力学性能的开孔泡沫铝，并通过准静态压缩实验，研究合金化对泡沫铝压缩力学行为与吸能特征的影响。实验结果表明：采用Si、Mg及Cu元素合金化处理显著改变了泡沫铝的应力-应变行为与吸能特征，使泡沫铝的屈服强度提高，吸能性大幅度上升。另外，还研究了渗流法制备工艺对泡沫铝微观组织和性能的影响，结果显示由于渗流法制备过程特殊的凝固条件，使得泡沫铝的微观组织比相同成分的铸造铝合金的组织明显粗大。

Study on Microstructure and Compressive Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloy Foams

Several open-cell aluminum foams were prepared by alloying treatment with Si, Mg and Cu elements. The compressive experiments of the aluminum foams were conducted to investigate the effects of the alloying treatment on their compressive mechanical behavior and energy absorption characteristic. The results show that the stress-strain response and energy absorption of the aluminum foams are affected remarkably by the addition of the alloying elements such as Si, Mg and Cu, and the yield strength as well as energy absorption properties of the foams are improved to a great extent. Additionally, the effects of the infiltrating process on the microstructure of the aluminum foams were analysed as well. Solidifying under the special condition in the infiltrating process, the aluminum foams have a much coarse microstructure, compared with the normal cast dense aluminum alloys.