凝胶染色过程中腈纶沿纺程的结构性能变化的研究

采用湿法纺丝工艺制备腈纶(即聚丙烯腈(PAN)纤维),研究了凝胶染色过程中PAN纤维在不同工序段的结构和物理性能。结果表明:沿着纺程,PAN纤维的直径逐渐减小,纤维的玻璃化转变温度和结晶度逐渐提高;在水洗后PAN纤维表面有明显的微观结构缺陷、且无定形区占比高;经过热拉伸和干燥致密化之后,纤维致密化,结晶度大大增加,凝胶染色后的PAN纤维染色均匀,且色泽良好,成品PAN纤维对羊毛、PAN纤维、聚酯纤维、尼龙纤维、棉纤维、醋酯纤维的沾色牢度为4~5级;PAN纤维力学性能沿纺程变化主要取决于纺程上各工序的工艺变化,凝胶染色不影响纤维的断裂强度和断裂伸长率。

Changes in structural properties of polyacrylonitrile fiber along spinning process during gel dyeing process

Polyacrylonitrile(PAN)fiber was prepared by wet spinning process.The structure and physical properties of PAN fibers were studied in different stages of gel dyeing process.The results showed that the diameter of PAN fiber decreased and the glass transition temperature and crystallinity gradually increased along the spinning process;there were obvious microstructure defects on the surface of PAN fiber and high amorphous region content after washing;the fibers were densified and the crystallinity increased greatly after hot stretching and drying densification,the PAN fibers were dyed uniformly and the color was good after gel dyeing,and the color fastness of finished PAN fibers to wool,PAN fiber,polyester fiber,nylon fiber,cotton fiber and acetate fiber was grade 4-5;and the change of mechanical properties of PAN fiber along the spinning process mainly depended on the technological changes in all stages of the spinning process,and gel dyeing process did not affect the breaking strength and elongation at break of the fibers.