船载短波鞭状天线的设计

在分析电小天线理论的基础上,设计了一款适用于船载通信的短波鞭状天线。天线体高度为2 m,内径为100 mm,利用HFSS电磁仿真软件建立了仿真模型。通过电抗加载来改善天线低频段阻抗特性,并在天线馈电端进行匹配网络设计,使天线在5 MHz~15 MHz频段内阻抗平稳,有效增加了带宽;通过天线结构的改进,有效提高了天线效率,增益达到-15 dB(5 MHz~9 MHz)和-10 dB(9 MHz~15 MHz),电压驻波比小于1.8,交叉带宽大于500 KHz。并且其结构紧凑,体积小,抗风能力强,符合船载环境下天线的设计需求。

Shipborne Short-Wave Whip Antenna

Based on the theory of electrically small antenna, a short-wave whip antenna for shipborne communication is designed. Antenna is 2m in height and 100 mm in inside diameter. A simulation model is established with electromagnetic simulation software HFSS. The low-frequency band impedance characteristic of antenna is improved by reactance loading. The matching network design is implemented at antenna feed-end,thus to make the antenna impedance stable in the range of 5MHz-15MHz and effectively improve the bandwidth. By modyfying the structure, the antenna efficiency also acquires significant improvement, and the gain reaches -15dB (5MHz-9MHz) and -10dB (9MHz-15MHz), and VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) is less than 1.8 while cross bandwidth being greater than 500KHz. Moreover, the designed antenna is compact in structure, small in volume and strong in wind resistance,and thus completely meet the design requirements for shipborne environment.