天然气产能负荷因子计算方法

我国天然气工业快速发展起步较晚，因储备设施不健全，季节性调峰和应急均以上游气田的提产为主。从气田科学开发角度考虑，上游气田应建设调峰和应急备用能力，实际产量安排和产能的比值（即生产负荷因子），是衡量生产系统安全平稳运行的一个关键参数，对于天然气工业的有序发展、最大限度地节约资金有着非常重要的意义。调研结果表明，目前国内尚无该方面的系统研究。为此，通过研究产能负荷因子的影响因素及其特点，建立了产能负荷因子的计算公式，分析了其存在的前提条件，并利用该公式进行了举例测算。在近期的天然气发展规划和战略研究中，已应用该计算方法对各气区的产能负荷因子进行了计算，计算结果符合历史供气特点和规律，能够指导气田的科学开发、保障安全平稳供气。

A calculation method of natural gas productivity load factor

Natural gas industry is developing fast although started late in China. However, due to the imperfect gas storage facilities, seasonal peaking and emergency need have to depend desperately on the surge of upstream gas production in fields. From the perspective of scientific development of gas reservoirs, the upstream gas operators should make their fields adequate to meet the peaking need and instant requirements and obtain the ratio between actual production and productive capacity, i.e., the productivity load factor. This indicator is a key parameter in measuring whether the production system is operated safely and stably. Moreover, it is very important for gas operators to help promote the orderly development of Chinese gas industry and save their cost to the maximum degree. A survey shows that no systematic research on the productivity load factor has ever been conducted by now in China. Therefore, through studying the influencing elements on the productivity load factor and their characteristics, we developed a calculation formula of the productivity load factor, the prerequisites of which was also discussed and the verification of which was thus made by many cases. In the recent natural gas development plan and strategic research, this calculation method was used to calculate the productivity load factor at many gas fields, and the calculation results agreed well with the features and regular patterns of gas supply in history. In summary, this calculation method can be used to direct the scientific development of gas fields and guarantee the safe and stable gas supply.