山东省闪电分布及雷电灾害特征分析

利用2010年LD-II型闪电定位系统所取得的地闪资料，分析山东地区闪电活动分布特征。结果表明，地闪中负闪占绝大多数；闪电的季节性分布特征明显，主要出现在夏季6—8月份；闪电活动日变化特征是15：00-22：00为闪电高发时段；闪电平均电流强度约为11．83kA；正闪电流强度主要集中在15～40kA，负闪电流强度主要集中在0～25kA；山东地区平均闪电密度为2．97次·km-2·a-1，年平均雷暴日数约为19．48天。根据山东省气象部门的雷电灾害数据，得到6—8月份发生的雷电灾害起数约占全年总雷灾起数的83．82％。分析雷击事故类型发现，电子电器设备受损成为雷电灾害的主要对象，在雷击导致行业事故类型中，电力行业事故排在首位。

Analysis of lightning distribution and lightning strike disaster characteristics in Shandong

The characteristics of cloud-to-ground （CG） lightning distribution in Shandong Province is analyzed by using the lightning data from LD-II lightning location system in 2010. It is found that the majority of CG lightning is negative CG flashes, and the lightning flashes occur more frequently from June to August in summer and from 15：00 to 22：00 in a day. The average current intensity of CG flashes is about 11.83 kA. The current intensity of positive flashes is mainly focused on the range of 15-40 kA, and the current intensity of negative flashes is mainly focused on the range of 0-25 kA. The average density of CG flashes in Shandong is 2.97 fl·km-2·a-1. The average annual thunderstorm clays are 19.48. According to the latest date from the meteorological department in Shandong, the number of lightning disasters occurred between June and August accounts for 83.82 % of the total amount. Electrical apparatuses are major targets damaged by thunderstrokes, and the electric power industry occupy first place in all accidents caused by thunderstrokes.