柔性电动汽车和分布式电源的协同优化调度研究

针对电动汽车(EV)接入电网后,出现的负荷"峰上加峰"的问题,在描述传统机组发电特征及调度分布式电源作为补充的基础上,提出了柔性电动汽车与分布式电源协同优化调度方案。该方案考虑4类电动汽车的出行规律及充电方式,同时以发电投资总成本与柔性EV用能成本之和最小作为优化目标,建立车网交互(V2G)的机组组合模型。在考虑柔性EV行驶特性与机组运行特性基础上,将所提模型转化为一个大规模混合整数线性规划(MILP)问题,利用Ipsolve解算器求得最优解以及最优调度方案。文章选取某城市各类电动汽车为研究对象,分析柔性EV用能成本对系统总成本与CO2排放量的影响。仿真结果验证了采用柔性EV与风电协同优化传统机组出力的有效性和考虑柔性EV用能成本的必要性。

Research on cooperative optimal scheduling of flexible electric vehicles and distributed generator

Aiming at the problem of“peak on peak”load when electric vehicles(EV)are connected to the power grid,a collaborative optimal scheduling scheme of flexible EV and distributed generator is proposed,on the basis of describing the traditional units generation characteristics and dispatching distributed generators as supplement in this paper.The travel patterns and charging modes of four types of electric vehicles are considered in this scheme.At the same time,taking the sum of total cost of power generation investment and flexible EV enabling cost as the optimization objective,an unit combination model of Vehicle-to-Grid(V2G)is established.Considering flexible EV travelling characteristics and unit operating characteristics,the proposed model is transformed into a large-scale mixed integer linear programming(MILP)problem.The optimal solution and optimal scheduling scheme are obtained by using Ipsolve solver.Simulation results verify the effectiveness of collaborative opti-mization of traditional unit output using flexible EV and wind power,as well as the necessity of considering flexible EV enabling cost.