Building environment simulation before desk top computers in the USA through a personal memory |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;2. Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;3. Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;4. Department of Research and Development, Zahravi Pharmaceutical Company, Tabriz, Iran;5. Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;1. School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea;1. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China;2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China;3. Science and Technology on EM Scattering Laboratory, Shanghai 200090, PR China;4. College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China;1. Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA;2. Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA;3. Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA;1. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Malaysia Campus, Malaysia;2. Faculty of Integrative Sciences and Technology, Quest International University Perak, Malaysia |
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| Abstract: | In the USA, full scale computer applications for HVAC related problems started in the early 1960s when the author was involved in the US government’s projects to evaluate the thermal environment in fallout shelters by an hour by hour simulation of heat and moisture transfer processes between human occupants and the shelter’s interior surfaces under a limited ventilation condition. General building energy simulations based on hour by hour calculations were started a few years later by the gas and electric industries. This led to the formation of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Task Group on Energy Requirements to develop a comprehensive hourly energy performance simulation of buildings, as well as to the activities of automated procedure for engineering consultants (APEC) for cooling load calculations. These activities eventually developed into the formation of four international symposia (Gaithersburg, Banff, Paris, and Tokyo) on the use of computers for environmental engineering related to buildings, the forerunner of IBPSA. A considerable amount of effort went into the earlier thermal simulation programs to improve the physical and empirical modeling of air, moisture and heat transfer processes in and through a complex building structure under varying weather conditions and building use conditions. Parallel and equally comprehensive efforts were made to improve the simulations of HVAC systems and equipment, and the development of typical weather data. |
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