氰渣低温微熔锍化资源化技术

黄金行业产出的氰渣已列为固体危废，其脱毒处置技术是所有黄金企业不得不面对的严峻挑战和必须尽快解决的重大难题。探究了利用低温微熔锍化法处置低品位氰渣并高效回收贵金属及有价金属的技术可行性。考察了焙烧温度、焙烧时间及添加剂用量等条件对贵金属回收率的影响，阐明了在促进剂、低温和还原气氛作用下形成低熔点金银及铜铅锌等有价金属锍化物晶核长大再次矿化、骤冷后浮选回收的机理。在优化条件下处理含金1.71 g/t、银54 g/t、铁32.71%的氰化尾渣，渣中金品位可降至0.14 g/t，浮选精矿中金、银的品位分别达到35.46、737.14 g/t，金、银的平均回收率分别达到92.44%、80.67%，磁选所得铁精矿中铁的品位为63.57%，回收率83%，产率68%。有效回收贵金属的同时，实现了低品位氰渣的无害化处置和资源化利用。

Resource Technology of Cyanide Residue by Process of Low Temperature Micro-molting Matte

Cyanide residue produced by gold industry has been listed as solid hazardous waste, and its detoxification treatment technology is a serious challenge that all gold enterprises have to face and a major problem that must be solved as soon as possible. The technical feasibility of treating low grade cyanide residue with low temperature micro-melting process and efficiently recovering precious metals and valuable metals were studied. Effects of roasting temperature, roasting time and dosage of additives on recovery of precious metals were investigated. Under the condition of existing of accelerant, low temperature and reducing atmosphere, formation of valuable metal matte (such as Au, Ag, Cu, Pb and Zn mattes, etc.) with low melting point, matte nucleus growth and mineralization were illustrated. The mechanism of flotation of quenching matte was also clarified. Under the optimized conditions, the cyanide tailings (Au 1.71 g/t, Ag 54 g/t and Fe 32.71%) were treated. Gold grade in final residue could be reduced to 0.14 g/t, the grade of gold and silver in flotation concentrate is 35.46 and 737.14 g/t, respectively, and the average recovery of gold and silver is 92.44% and 80.67%, respectively. The grade of iron in iron concentrate obtained by magnetic separation is 63.57% with 83% recovery rate and 68% yield. This process can effectively recover precious metals and realize the harmless disposal and resource utilization of low-grade cyanide residue.