城市内部结构和人口密度对地表温度空间变化的影响——以东京新宿区为例

随着城市化进程的加快和人口的快速增长，城市空间内部格局正发生变化，城市热岛效应不断加剧。本研究旨在根据建筑、人口与地表热环境的关系来寻求可持续发展。与其他研究相比，本文采用了东京新宿区的机载热红外图像、机载激光雷达数据、建筑物矢量数据和人口普查数据等新颖数据，且最大创新点在于对建筑密度、平均高度、平均地表温度(Land Surface Temperature, LST)和人口密度之间进行的定量分析。结果显示，平均LST与建筑密度的相关性最大(r=0.6718)，其次是平均LST与人口密度的相关性(r=0.6050)；建筑密度与人口密度呈正相关(r=0.4949)，平均LST与建筑物平均高度呈负相关(r=-0.3814)。经研究可知，通过合理规划城市内部结构有望为减弱城市热岛效应和实现环境可持续发展提供参考。

Influence of Urban Internal Structure and Population Density on Spatial Variation of Surface Temperature: A Case Study of Shinjuku in Tokyo

With the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid population growth, the internal pattern of urban space is changing, and the urban heat island effect is increasing. This paper aims to seek sustainable development based on the relationship between the surface thermal environment and buildings as well as the population. Compared with other studies, novel data such as airborne thermal infrared images, airborne lidar data, building vector data and census data of Shinjuku district in Tokyo are used in this paper. The biggest innovation lies in the quantitative analysis of building density, average building height, average land surface temperature (LST) and population density. The results show that the correlation between average LST and building density is the largest (r=0.6718), followed by the correlation between average LST and population density (r=0.6050). The building density is positively correlated with the population density (r=0.4949). The average LST is negatively correlated with the average building height (r=-0.3814). It is concluded that rational planning of urban internal structure can provide reference for reducing urban heat island effect and sustainable environmental development.