黔中传统聚落空间集体记忆研究--以鲍家屯、高荡两村为例

近年来随着相关技术的发展,对传统聚落的物质空间认知已日益科学、细致和客观,然而对"使用者主观感受"方面的调查尚有所忽视。本研究基于"集体记忆"和"城市意象"理论,选取黔中地区的鲍家屯村和高荡村作为研究对象,对传统聚落中原住民和外来者的空间集体记忆特征及成因进行探究。研究发现:两村原住民和外来者的集体记忆均呈现出多样性,但原住民的意象要素数量普遍高于外来者。相对而言,旅游开发程度较低、保留原始生活方式较多的鲍家屯村的意象要素丰富度显著高于高荡村。上述研究发现有助于更全面的理解黔中传统聚落中的"文化-空间"互动关系,对其可持续性发展和规划设计提供更为有价值的建议。

A Study on Spatial Collective Memory of Vernacular Villages in Mid-Guizhou:Cases Study of Baojiatun Village and Gaodang Village

Previous studies suggest that there should be significant relationships between physical forms and socio-economic customs of vernacular settlements. This means nowadays the outsiders, whatever researchers and tourists, can hardly achieve in-depth understanding on the spatial orders of the physical elements in many traditional villages, because they are excluded from original local life.This paper tries to conduct an investigation on the subjective understandings on spatial features of traditional villages by local and visiting groups, based on the theories of collective memory and city image. Two villages in Mid-Guizhou named Baojiatun and Gaodang are selected as cases. The findings reveal that both villages present a diversity of spatial elements as collective memories, while local villagers always have more elements in mind than outsiders. Also, the collective images in Baojiatun are much more than those in Gaodang. The differences show that the original agricultural and social activities could take greater roles in preserving traditional images than tourism development. The conclusions can contribute to understanding the "culture-space" interaction of mid-Guizhou traditional villages, and provide valuable advices on future planning practice for their sustainable development.