半导体制冷最优工况的理论分析与实验研究

传统极限工况有最大制冷量工况和最大制冷系数工况，在此其间，必存在一特殊工况，使得既具有较大的制冷量，又具有较小的功耗，此工况即为“最优工况”。本文首先对半导体最优工况进行了理论分析，推导出最优电流的理论公式；再对一小型半导体制冷箱进行实验，通过调节电流改变工况，分析了8种工况实验下的性能参数变化情况，对实验数据进行回归分析，得出回归方程，从而找出最优电流对应的最优工况。在此工况下进行工作，即可获得较大的制冷量，又可消耗较小的功率，从而提高了半导体制冷器的制冷性能。实验结果与理论分析结果基本吻合。

Research on the Performance of Solar Semiconductor Refrigeration

The traditional limiting states have the biggest refrigeration quantity state and the biggest refrigeration coefficient state, there is a special operating mode during these states, enabling to both have the big refrigeration quantity and the small power loss, this operating mode is ＂Optimum state＂. This article first carried on the theoretical analysis to the semiconductor＇s optimum state, inferred optimum electric current＇s theoretical formula; Carried on the experiment again to a semiconductor refrigeration box by regulating current changing operating mode, which had analyzed performance parameter＇s change situation under 8 kinds of state experiments, carried on the regression analysis to the empirical datum, obtained the regression equation, thus discovered optimum electric current corresponding optimum state. Carried on working under this state, and then obtained the big refrigeration quantity and small power, which enhanced the refrigeration performance of semiconductor refrigerator. The experimental result and the theoretical analysis result tallied basically.