Distribution of cholesterol sulfate and its anabolic and catabolic enzymes in various rabbit tissues |
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Authors: | Yongxi Cui Masao Iwamori |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, 113 Tokyo, Japan |
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Abstract: | Cholesterol sulfate (CS) recently has been shown to be involved in signal transduction pathway. To evaluate its functional
significance, we determined the concentration of CS, and the specific activities of cholesterol sulfotransferase and CS sulfatase
in various tissues of rabbit, and compared them with the concentration of sulfoglycolipids in rabbit tissues. CS was present
in the epithelia and mucosa, but not in the tunica muscularis, of the digestive tract, trachea, uterine endometrium and uterine
cervix. It was also present in lung, spleen, kidney, prostate, skin, hair, and nail at relatively high concentrations. Its
concentration in the uterine endometrium was nine times higher in pseudopregnant rabbits than in nonpregnant rabbits because
of activation of cholesterol sulfotransferase and inhibition of CS sulfatase in the pseudopregnant rabbits. Sulfoglycolipids
were not detected in the uterine endometria of either nonpregnant-or pseudopregnant rabbits. However, sulfoglycolipids were
detected at relatively high concentrations in the cerebrum, cerebellum, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, testis, and kidney of
rabbits and thus the tissues in which both sulfolipids were detected were the gastrointestinal tract and kidney. In the digestive
tract, the concentration of CS decreased in the order esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and jejunum, but that of sulfatide increased
in the same order, indicating distribution of CS in the squamous epithelium. In addition, both CS and sulfatide were detected
in the serum. On the other hand, CS sulfatase activity was detected in all tissues examined, even in hair, from which the
enzyme was liberated by brief sonication, and its highest specific activity was deteted in the liver. The specific activity
of cholesterol sulfotransferase varied among the tissues examined and was found to be significantly high in the esophageal
epithelium and the uterine endometrium of pseudopregnant rabbit, indicating involvement of cholesterol sulfation in the formation
of epithelium. |
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