略论黄河的宽河定槽防洪治河策略

本文根据实测资料说明了宽河段的滞洪效果和稳定的河道主槽对控制河势的重要作用。由于黄河下游洪水峰高量小，宽河段的槽蓄能力有利于滞洪，而且由于宽河段的滩区落淤沉沙作用，也有利于减缓河床的抬升速度。据此，作者提出“宽河定槽”的治河防洪原则。它是传统的“宽河固堤”治河策略的一个发展，也是近五十年治黄经验的总结。

Study on the effects of wide river section and stabilized main channel on flood control of the Yellow River

The effect of wide rever section on flood detention and the important role of stabilized main channel in river control are demonstrated according to the observation data. In view of the flood occurred in the downstream of the Yellow River possesses the characteristics of high peak but small volume, the great amount of detention capacity in wide river sections is in favor of cutting down the flood peak.Meanwhile, the sediment may deposit in floodplain area of these river sections and slow down the rising speed of riverbed. On this basis, the author suggests a principle of river training as “combining the utilization of wide river sections with stabilizing the main channels”. It is the development of the traditional river training experiences “to broaden the river and reinforcing the embankment”, which is effective in Yellow River in the history.