不同炭黑对聚丙烯／炭黑复合材料导电性能的影响

研究了四种不同的导电炭黑与聚丙烯复合制得的复合材料的体积电阻率与炭黑含量的关系，确定了复合体系中炭黑的渗滤阈值。用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了不同炭黑含量的复合材料的断面形貌，用透射电镜(TEM)观察分析了四种炭黑的结构及粒径，并对其比表面积进行了测定。结果表明：炭黑不同，得到的复合材料的渗滤阈值有很大差别。炭黑结构性越高，比表面积越大，粒径越小，其导电性能越好，得到的渗滤阈值越低。特别是具有空壳结构的炭黑，其渗滤阈值明显低于其他三种炭黑。

Effect of Different Types of Carbon Black on Electrical Properties of Polypropylene/Carbon Black Composites

The relationship between volume resistivity and carbon black content of polypropylene/carbon black composites for four different conductive carbon blacks was studied. The percolation thresholds were measured. Morphology of the composites with different carbon black content was studied with SEM. The structure and particle size of these carbon blacks were observed and analyzed by means of TEM. Their surface area was also measured. The results showed that the larger the surface area and the smaller the particle diameter of the carbon black, the lower the percolation threshold. Especially, the carbon black with a hollow structure possessed a significantly lower percolation threshold than those of other three.